Mars Science Laboratory

The Sample Manipulation System (SMS), delivered to NASA's Goddard Spaceflight Center in 2008, is a precision sample positioning subsystem of the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite on the 2011 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission. The SMS plays an integral role in the path of a sample from the Martian surface to the analytical instruments within SAM. The system provides 74 quartz cells for accepting, storing, and delivering the samples to the science suite.

• SMS features an underactuated three-DOF mechanism with a compliant linear actuator and a high-reduction, low-backlash rotary actuator capable of precision operation across wide temperature ranges and during steep temperature gradients.
• A custom twist capsule transmits sensor signal across the rotary interface.
• The multi-modal fault detection and correction scheme along with a tightly integrated set of feedback sensors includes a custom incremental encoder that doubles as an alignment sensor.
• Sample cells are sealed in a pyrolysis oven, pressing the cell's copper collar into a knife-edge seal with a force of up to 250 lb. The sample is then heated to 1100°C for analysis.
• Compliance with astrobiologically strict contamination limits.

Related Technologies

• Flight Electromechanical Systems
• Deployment & Positioning
• Robotic Systems
• Transmissions & Drivetrains